According to Janet…
Fall clean up is here. Rake up debris around your plants—especially those that struggled with insects and disease. A light layer of leaves on your lawn is not an issue, but don’t let them accumulate too long. Heavy piles cut down on air circulation, oxygen and sunlight. Leaves are a great raw commodity for compost—one of the best things to enrich your soils.
Perennials
Pay particular attention to your cannas, as the leaf roller insect seems to be getting worse each year. This insect over-winters in the spent debris of the plants and can come back to haunt you next year. Think about even replacing the old mulch.
You can still plant perennials if you have time this season. Perennials planted in the fall give you a stronger plant the following growing season—just make sure you have good soil drainage or the root system can rot in the ground.
Bulbs
November is the ideal month to plant spring blooming bulbs. Concentrate you bulb planting in blocks rather than single lines. Grouping plants together makes a stronger statement than a few plants here and there.
The general rule of thumb when planting bulbs is to plant them at a depth equivalent to 2-3 times the size of the bulb. You can layer your bulbs, putting the larger daffodils and tulips down deep, and then the next layer can be hyacinths.
This can give you layers of color and textures, and with proper selection can you give color from late January through April.
Annuals
You still have time to plant pansies, violas and snapdragons, but flowering kale and cabbage need some time to get established before hard frost hits. Look for larger, flowering plants to ensure color this winter. Plant in the ground or containers. BUT…don’t forget to water—especially the containers. Consider planting spring bulbs in the base of your containers to pop up amidst your winter annuals.
Trees
Now is the ideal time to plant large shrubs and trees. Planting in the fall allows the roots to become established while the tops are dormant. Hardy shrubs such as hollies, boxwoods, elaeagnus, and more can be planted in the fall and early winter. Avoid planting shrubs that can suffer winter damage such as hydrangeas, gardenias, crape myrtles, and azaleas. Plant these in the early spring.
Holiday Gardening
Remember that poinsettias like bright light and even moisture. If you desire a cut tree to plant outside later, think about it before choosing this method. Do you have room for a permanent evergreen in your yard? The living Christmas tree can only be inside your home for a maximum of a week and less time is preferable. Also, avoid heavy ornaments and hot lights.
Janet Carson is Associate Professor and Extension Horticulture Specialist with the
University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service. She is the state coordinator for the Arkansas Master Gardener program, and gives leadership to consumer horticulture, with media work including a weekly column in the Arkansas Democrat Gazette, Radio call in program on KARN every Saturday, and Today's Garden tv show on AETN & cable stations.